It is a measure of the amount of force applied to a surface.
Pressure=Force /Area
If F is the magnitude of a force exerted perpendicular to a given surface of area A, then the pressure P equals to the force divided by the area. As the force is measured in Newtons (N) and area in square metres (m2). Therefore, in the SI system, the unit of pressure is Newton per square metre (N/m2). It is also known as Pascal (Pa):
1 Pascal = 1 (N/m2)
Why does an acrobat not hurt when he lies down on a bed of nails? There is no miracle in this trick. We know that pressure is defined as force per unit area. If you step up on a nail, the entire body weight exerts more pressure because the area of the nail tip is very small. In the case of a nail bed the pressure exerted by weight of the body is distributed on the hundreds or thousands of nails lying close to each other. Thus, net pressure on a nail is very small. Hence, an acrobat does not hurt when he lies down on the bed of nails.
In summary, the reason an acrobat does not get hurt when lying on a bed of nails is due to the distribution of the force over a large area, which reduces the pressure at any one point and makes it unlikely to cause injury.
A fluid is a collection of molecules that are randomly arranged and held together by weak cohesive forces and by forces exerted by the walls of a container. Both liquids and gases are fluids. The pressure exerted by fluids is known as fluid pressure. It acts in all directions. This is because the molecules of fluids move around in all directions; causing pressure on every surface they collide with.
The fluid pressure felt by a swimmer in a swimming pool is caused by the weight of the water above them. The deeper a swimmer goes into the pool, the greater the fluid pressure they experience. This pressure increases with the depth and density of the fluid, as well as the gravity. The pressure at the bottom of a pool is greater than at the surface, and this difference in pressure creates a force that pushes the swimmer upward. The swimmer feels this force as an increase in lightness, which helps them float.
Depth: The deeper the fluid, the greater the pressure. This is because there is more fluid above and the weight of this fluid increases with depth.
Density: The denser the fluid, the greater the pressure. For example, water is denser than air and will create greater pressure.
Gravity: The strength of the gravitational force affects the pressure of the fluid. The pressure is greater in regions where gravity is stronger, such as at sea level compared to on a mountaintop.
Temperature: The temperature of a fluid can affect its pressure. For example, when a fluid is heated, its volume increases, leading to a decrease in pressure.
Effects of Velocity on Pressure: Pressure changes due to changes in velocity, such as waves, can also affect the pressure of a fluid.
Pressure = depth x density x acceleration due to gravity
𝑷 = 𝒅𝝆𝒈
A hydraulic machine is a device that uses a liquid, usually oil, to transmit power from one place to another. Hydraulic machines are commonly used in construction equipment, industrial machines, and automotive systems, among other applications. The benefits of hydraulic machines include their ability to generate large forces with relatively small inputs, their versatility and adaptability to different tasks, and their durability and reliability.