Matter

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  • April 10, 2023
9th Physics Ch#07 Properties Of Matter Matter

Matter

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Definition:

“Anything that Occupies Space and has Mass”

Explanation:

Matter can be defined in simpler terms as anything that occupies space, has a mass and volume. Everything we see in front of us is composed of matter, even the air we breathe is matter.

Examples:

A bicycle, an apple, an aircraft, the sun.

STATES OF THE MATTERS:

Matter is primarily divided into three basic states.

They are the Solid, Liquid and Gas states.

State of Matter Statement Example
Solid “A solid is a state of matter in which the molecules are closely packed together and have a fixed shape and volume.” E.g; Ice Cube
Liquid “A liquid is a state of matter that has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container.” E.g; Water
Gas “A gas is a state of matter in which a substance has no fixed shape and fills any container uniformly, completely occupying its volume.” E.g; Steam
Properties Solid Liquid Gas
Shape Fixed Not Fixed Not Fixed
Volume Fixed Fixed Not Fixed
Density High High Low
Compressibility Incompressible Incompressible Compressible
The state of matter refers to the physical form of a substance and can be classified into three main categories: solid, liquid, and gas. Solid:
  • Has a definite shape and volume.
  • Particles are tightly packed together and vibrate in a fixed position.
  • Cannot be compressed easily.
Liquid:
  • Has a definite volume but not a definite shape.
  • Particles are loosely packed together and move around freely.
  • Flows to fill any container.
 Gas:
  • Has no definite shape or volume.
  • Particles are spread out and move rapidly in all directions.
  • Can be compressed easily.
Change in State of Matter  is a physical process that occurs when matter is subjected to a change in temperature, pressure, or both. Solid to Liquid (Melting):
  • Occurs when the temperature of a solid is increased to its melting point, causing the particles to gain enough energy to overcome their intermolecular forces and move freely, forming a liquid.
Liquid to Solid (Freezing):
    • Occurs when the temperature of a liquid is decreased to its freezing point, causing the particles to lose energy and become more ordered, forming a solid.
    Liquid to Gas (Evaporation):
    • Occurs when the temperature of a liquid is increased, causing some particles to gain enough energy to escape into the air as a gas.
    Gas to Liquid (Condensation):
      • Occurs when the temperature of a gas is decreased, causing the particles to lose energy and become more ordered, forming a liquid.
      Solid to Gas (Sublimation): 
      • Occurs when a solid is subjected to high temperature and pressure, causing the particles to gain enough energy to escape into the air as a gas.
      Overall, the change in state of matter is a fundamental concept in physics that helps us understand the physical properties of substances and how they respond to different environmental conditions.

      Quiz

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