Database

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  • August 2, 2023
9th Computer Ch#07 Introduction to Database System Database

Database

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Database:

A database is a structured collection of data that is organized and stored in a way that allows for efficient retrieval, management, and manipulation of information.

Uses of Database:

  1. Storing and managing large volumes of data.
  2. Facilitating quick and accurate data retrieval.
  3. Supporting multiple users to access data concurrently.
  4. Ensuring data integrity and security.
  5. Enabling data analysis and decision-making.
  6. Integrating data from various sources for efficient information sharing.

Database Management System (DBMS):

A Database Management System (DBMS) is software that provides an interface for users and applications to interact with a database. It helps in managing data, ensuring data integrity, and handling data retrieval, storage, and manipulation efficiently.

Examples of Database Management Systems:

  1. MySQL: An open-source relational DBMS widely used for web applications and powering various websites and systems.

  1. Microsoft SQL Server: A popular DBMS developed by Microsoft, commonly used in enterprise-level applications.

  1. Oracle Database: An enterprise-grade DBMS known for its scalability and reliability, commonly used in large organizations.

  1. SQLite: A lightweight and self-contained DBMS suitable for embedded systems and mobile applications.

  1. PostgreSQL: An open-source object-relational DBMS known for its advanced features and strong data integrity.

  1. MongoDB: A NoSQL DBMS that utilizes a document-oriented approach, suitable for handling large-scale unstructured data.

Flat File System:

A flat file system is a simple data storage method where data is stored in a single, large, and continuous file without any structured relationships or hierarchies. In this system, data is accessed sequentially, making it less efficient for complex data retrieval and management tasks.

Advantages of Database Management System over the Flat File System

A flat file system is a simple data storage method where data is stored in a single, large, and continuous file without any structured relationships or hierarchies. In this system, data is accessed sequentially, making it less efficient for complex data retrieval and management tasks.

Characteristics of DBMS:

  1. Data Independence: DBMS allows separation between data storage and application programs, enabling changes to the database structure without affecting the application.
  1. Data Security: DBMS provides access control mechanisms to ensure data confidentiality and restrict unauthorized access.
  1. Data Integrity: DBMS enforces rules and constraints to maintain the accuracy and consistency of data.
  1. Data Abstraction: DBMS hides the complexities of the underlying data structure, presenting a simplified view to users and applications.
  1. Query Language: DBMS offers a structured query language (e.g., SQL) for easy and efficient data retrieval and manipulation.
  1. Concurrency Control: DBMS manages simultaneous access to data by multiple users, ensuring consistency and avoiding conflicts.
  1. Backup and Recovery: DBMS provides mechanisms to create backups and recover data in case of failures or disasters.



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Advantages Database Management System (DBMS) Flat File System
Data Organization Structured, with tables and relationships. Unstructured, stored in a single file.
Data Retrieval Efficiency Efficient, supports quick and precise data retrieval. Inefficient, sequential access required.
Data Integrity and Security Ensures data integrity and provides access controls. Limited or no data integrity measures.
Concurrent User Access Supports multiple users accessing data simultaneously. Limited to single-user access.