Communication Devices

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Communication Devices

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Communication devices are electronic devices or systems that enable the transmission, reception, and processing of information or data between individuals or devices. These devices play a crucial role in facilitating communication over various types of networks, including wired, wireless, and optical networks. Here are some common types of communication devices:

Network Switches:

 Network switches are devices that facilitate the connection and communication between multiple devices within a local area network (LAN). They receive data packets from connected devices and forward them to their intended destinations within the network. Switches allow devices to communicate with each other within a LAN efficiently.

Routers:

Routers are devices that enable the connection and communication between multiple devices within a network. They receive data packets from one device and route them to their intended destinations based on network addresses. Routers play a vital role in connecting devices to the internet and directing traffic between networks.

Modems:

Modems (Modulator-Demodulator) are devices that convert digital signals from computers or other devices into analog signals suitable for transmission over telephone lines or other communication channels. They are commonly used to establish internet connections over telephone lines (DSL modems) or cable TV networks (cable modems).

(i) Dial-up modem:

Dial-up modems were widely used in the past as a means of connecting computers to the internet or other remote networks over standard telephone lines. They functioned by converting digital data from the computer into analog signals that could be transmitted over the analog telephone network.

(ii) DSL Modem:

A DSL modem, also known as a Digital Subscriber Line modem, is a device that allows users to connect their computers or local area networks to the internet using Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) technology. DSL modems specifically support DSL-based broadband connections, which transmit data over existing telephone lines. 

(iii) ISDN Modem:

An ISDN modem, also known as an Integrated Services Digital Network modem, is a device that enables users to connect their computers or local area networks to the internet or other networks using the Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) technology. ISDN is a digital communication technology that transmits data, voice, and video signals over traditional telephone lines.

Network Interface Card (NIC):

A Network Interface Card (NIC), also known as a network adapter or network interface controller, is a hardware component that enables a computer or other device to connect to a network. It serves as the interface between the device and the network, allowing it to send and receive data over the network

Types Of Website:

Portal:

A portal, in the context of the Internet, refers to a website or online platform that serves as a gateway or entry point to a wide range of information, resources, services, and applications. It is designed to provide users with a centralized location for accessing various content and functionality.

News:

News portals, also known as news websites or news aggregators, are online platforms that provide users with a wide range of news articles, reports, and updates from various sources. They serve as a centralized source of news and information on a diverse range of topics, including current events, politics, business, sports, entertainment, science, and more.

Informational:

Informational websites provide detailed information about any field. There are many dedicated informational websites for science, arts, sports, online training, research, etc.

Educational:

Educational websites are purely designed to deliver educational material for both, teachers and students such as sabaq.pk, khan academy.org, etc.

Personal:

 A person can share his or her biography or achievements in a custom-developed website.

Business:

 A business website is the best way for any organization to market their products and services. It also tells about the teams, policies and procedures of that business. For instance, www.psx.com.pk is the website of Pakistan Stock Exchange.

Blogs:

A blog is a special type of website that is composed of articles and posts. These articles are organized into categories and sorted by the time when they were published. WordPress is a popular blog site.

Forums:

A forum is an online place where different users can discuss  any topic. These topics can be categorized so that users can easily locate topics of their interest.

Entertainment:

An entertainment website serves content like videos or games purely for the purpose of entertainment. Youtube is widely used for Entertainment.

Social:

A social website is a platform where different people get together and socialize with each other. They can also share their ideas, opinions, and media. Facebook and Twitter are instances of social networking websites.