Pakistan’s agriculture sector faces multiple challenges that hinder its productivity. Water scarcity, due to irregular monsoon rains and insufficient irrigation systems, is a significant problem, affecting crop yields. Soil erosion, salinity, and waterlogging damage the quality of arable land, while the use of outdated farming techniques and equipment limits the efficiency of farming practices. Moreover, limited access to quality seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides also impacts the quantity and quality of agricultural produce.
Despite these challenges, the sources of agriculture in Pakistan remain robust. The country benefits from the fertile plains of the Indus River and its tributaries, which are the main sources of irrigation. Pakistan’s agriculture is supported by diverse climatic conditions across the country, allowing for a variety of crops to be grown in different regions. Wheat, rice, cotton, and sugarcane are among the primary crops that form the backbone of Pakistan’s agriculture and its rural economy.