Electric field is a region of space around a charged object where another charged particle would experience a force due to the presence of the first charge.
Electric field intensity (also known as electric field strength) at a point in space is the force experienced per unit positive charge placed at that point.
E = F/q
Where:
Electric field lines are imaginary lines used to visually represent the direction and strength of the electric field around a charged object. They originate from positive charges and terminate on negative charges, showing the path that a positive test charge would follow if placed in the electric field. The density of these lines indicates the strength of the field, with closer lines indicating a stronger field. The lines never intersect, and their direction at any point gives the direction of the electric field at that point.
Electrostatic potential is the amount of work required to move a unit positive charge from infinity to a specific point in an electric field, providing a measure of the potential energy associated with the charge’s position.
V= (k.q)/r
Where:
Volt is the unit of electric potential, representing one joule of energy per coulomb of charge.
It S.I unit is Volt (V).
Potential Difference, also known as voltage, is the measure of the electric potential energy difference between two points in an electric field, indicating the work done per unit charge in moving a charge between those points.
Electrostatic spray painting is used in industries to achieve even and efficient coating of surfaces. Paint particles are charged and sprayed onto the object to be painted, which is oppositely charged. This attraction leads to better coverage and reduced paint wastage.
Electrostatic air cleaners use charged plates or grids to attract and capture airborne particles, such as dust, pollen, and pollutants. As air passes through the device, particles become charged and adhere to oppositely charged surfaces, improving indoor air quality.
Inkjet printers use electrostatic forces to precisely control the ejection of ink droplets onto paper, creating high-resolution images and text.
Photocopiers and laser printers use electrostatics to transfer toner (charged powder) onto paper, which is then fused onto the paper using heat, creating images and text.
These devices are used to remove particles like ash, smoke, and pollutants from industrial exhaust gases by giving them an electric charge and then attracting them to oppositely charged plates.
This electrostatic generator produces high-voltage static electricity for various scientific experiments and demonstrations.